Phobias are emotional and physical reactions to feared objects or situations. Symptoms of a phobia include the following:

• Feelings of panic, dread, horror, or terror

• Recognition that the fear goes beyond normal boundaries and the actual threat of danger

• Reactions that are automatic and uncontrollable, practically taking over the person’s thoughts

• Rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, trembling, and an overwhelming desire to flee the situation—all the physical reactions associated with extreme fear

• Extreme measures taken to avoid the feared object or situation

Another common symptom experienced by people with phobias is anticipatory anxiety. Anticipatory anxiety can cause people to avoid situations in which they might have a panic attack or to avoid the objects that trigger a response of intense fear and anxiety.

When avoidance causes distress or interferes with the ability to work, socialize, or care for day-to-day needs, a psychological evaluation should be sought - contact the Kusnacht Practice.